Why and how to treat them?
Dental stains
Increasingly common in our children, white spots turning yellow or brown on permanent teeth, especially the incisors and first molars, are a concern.
Parents are often alerted by the unsightly appearance of these stains, but this is not the only point to be considered: it is useful to investigate the issue further.
Why are these stains there and how should they be treated?
This dental malformation, which needs to be diagnosed quickly and differentiated from other dental problems, is in fact a hypo-mineralization of the enamel that occurs during the tooth formation phase, before the tooth grows in the mouth. It particularly affects the first permanent molars and incisors, and is thus called MIH: it can also affect the milk molars, which can prevent future malformation of the permanent teeth.
The severity of this malformation can range from simple stains to covering the whole tooth, but it's not the aesthetic aspect that's most worrying. Affected teeth are more sensitive to cold, heat, sweetness and acid. Because enamel has this defect, decay attacks it more easily. Bonding materials is more difficult, and conventional anaesthesia is less effective for treatment.
What are the incriminating causes?
Several factors are pointed out: premature birth or low birth weight, recurrent infections at a young age including otitis and bronchitis, pollution, vitamin deficiency especially calcium and vitamin D, taking antibiotics...
What can be done? Specialized dental care for children
To protect these fragile teeth, it is essential to have a perfect dental hygiene. It is strongly recommended to limit nibbling as much as possible and to avoid sweet and sour foods to reduce irritation. Fluoride varnishes and gels are offered by the dentist to strengthen the teeth and reduce their sensitivity. Depending on the size and severity of the lesions, temporary or permanent fillings may be considered. Regular follow-up with the dentist and new anaesthetic techniques prevent the aggravation and help to find the right solutions for your child.